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doc14663 Planting_Pawpaw_Trees_final_version.pdf

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41 item(s) JSON
figure (3) footer (2) heading (8) list (6) list_item (15) text (6) title (1)
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Page 1 JSON
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            "text": "Kentucky State University Cooperative Extension Connections"
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                    "text": "Planting Pawpaw Trees"
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                    "text": "Kirk Pomper, Ph.D., Professor of Horticulture"
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                    "text": "Kirk.pomper@kysu.edu, 502-597-5942"
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                    "text": "Sheri Crabtree, M.Sc., Horticulture Research and Extension Associate"
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            "text": "Common Planting Questions",
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            "text": "What is a pawpaw?",
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                    "id": "p1.7.1",
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                    "text": "The pawpaw (Asimina triloba) is a native tree fruit commonly found in the forest understory in the eastern U.S.",
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                    "text": "Trees grow well in USDA Hardiness Zones 5–8.",
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                    "text": "The ripe fruit has yellow to orange flesh with a tropical flavor often described as a blend of banana, mango, and pineapple.",
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            "text": "Where should I plant pawpaw trees?",
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        {
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            "text": "Pawpaw trees grow best in slightly acidic soils (pH 5.5–7.0).",
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            "text": "They prefer moist, well-drained sites but should not be planted in areas that remain flooded for long periods. Avoid heavy clay soils.",
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            "text": "Should I plant grafted or seedling trees?",
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                    "text": "Seedling trees are less expensive but have unknown fruit quality and may take 5–7 years to flower and fruit due to juvenility.",
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                    "text": "Grafted trees cost more but produce fruit of known quality and often begin bearing in 3–4 years."
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            "text": "Should I plant more than one tree to get fruit?",
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                    "text": "Yes. Pawpaws are generally self-incompatible and require cross-pollination.",
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                    "text": "Plant at least two genetically different trees. Two grafted trees of the same cultivar will not effectively cross-pollinate.",
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            "text": "When is the best time to plant pawpaw trees?",
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                    "text": "Dormant trees can be planted in spring (March–April in Kentucky) or fall (early November).",
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                    "text": "Trees with leaves should be planted after the last frost date, typically in May."
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            "text": "Can pawpaw trees be planted in full sun?",
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                    "text": "Young trees establish best in light to moderate shade."
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                    "text": "Mature trees produce the most fruit in full sun. Heavily shaded trees will produce few fruit.",
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            "text": "Should I use a tree shelter or grow tube?",
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                    "text": "Yes, especially for trees less than 2 feet tall.",
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                    "text": "Tree shelters provide shade, reduce wind stress, conserve moisture, and protect trees from animals and herbicides (Fig. 1).",
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                    "text": "They can significantly improve survival during establishment.",
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            "text": "Kentucky State University is an equal opportunity provider.",
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Page 2

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1 · LIST
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31 · CAPTION
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38 · FOOTER
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                    "text": "On planting day, what should I do?"
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                    "text": "Remove perennial weeds before planting."
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                    "text": "Dig a hole deep enough to accommodate the taproot, usually about 1 foot deep."
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                    "text": "Avoid planting in excessively wet or dry soil. Fill the hole carefully, eliminate air pockets, and water thoroughly after planting.",
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                    "text": "Space trees at least 8 feet apart and rows about 20 feet apart in orchards.",
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            "text": "Should I fertilize my tree?",
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                    "text": "Yes. Apply a water-soluble fertilizer through\nfertigation at 500 ppm once in May, June, and July.",
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                    "text": "Alternatively, apply urea, Nature Safe, [p2.3.2.2]or 10-10-10 at 1 oz of actual nitrogen per tree annually during establishment.",
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                    "text": "Apply 3–4 oz of actual nitrogen per tree in late winter after the 2nd year as tree matures.",
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                "b": 308.4
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            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
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            "children": [
                {
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                    "order": 16,
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                    "bbox": {
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                    "text": "Transplanting pawpaws can be difficult because of their deep taproot."
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                {
                    "id": "p2.5.2",
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                    "bbox": {
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                    "text": "Dig as much of the root system as possible and keep the root ball intact."
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                    "text": "Root suckers often lack sufficient roots to survive on their own, but success may improve if they are partially separated from the mother tree several weeks before transplanting.",
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                "l": 29.04,
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            "text": "Do I need to water my trees?",
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            "children": [
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                    "text": "Water trees immediately after planting."
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                    "text": "Young trees are sensitive to drought and should receive about 1 inch of water per week during the growing season."
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                {
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                    "text": "Drip irrigation works well in orchards."
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            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.8",
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            "type": "heading",
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            "text": "How can I control weeds around my trees?",
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            "level": 3
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            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
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            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "p2.9.1",
                    "order": 26,
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                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 29.28,
                        "t": 149.36,
                        "r": 248.4,
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                    "text": "Weed control is critical during establishment."
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.9.2",
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                    "bbox": {
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                    "text": "Use wood-chip mulch or weed-barrier fabric to suppress weeds and grass around trees.",
                    "marker": "-"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.9.3",
                    "order": 28,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
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                    "text": "Glyphosate may also be used according to label directions, but avoid contact with tree bark, stems, root suckers, and leaves.",
                    "marker": "•"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.10",
            "order": 29,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 16.8,
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            "text": "Kentucky State University is an equal opportunity provider."
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.11",
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            "type": "figure",
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        {
            "id": "p2.12",
            "order": 31,
            "type": "caption",
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                "l": 306,
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            "text": "Figure 1. Example of a grow tube or tree shelter and mulch\nAcknowledgments",
            "attrs": {
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            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.13",
            "order": 32,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
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                "r": 588.72,
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            "text": "We acknowledge funding to support this work from USDA Evans-Allen Project # 7004384, USDA 1890 Cooperative Extension, and 1890 Centers of Excellence CSFRPRES."
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.14",
            "order": 33,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
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            "text": "Sources",
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        {
            "id": "p2.15",
            "order": 34,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 305.76,
                "t": 394.08,
                "r": 558.48,
                "b": 364.08
            },
            "text": "Layne DR. 1996. The pawpaw, Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal: A new fruit crop for Kentucky and the United States. HortScience. 31:777–784. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.31.5.777"
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.16",
            "order": 35,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 306,
                "t": 351.36,
                "r": 583.2,
                "b": 321.12
            },
            "text": "Pomper KW, Layne DR. 2004. The North American pawpaw: Botany and horticulture. In: Janick J, editor. Horticultural Reviews. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ. p. 349–382. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470650882.ch7"
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.17",
            "order": 36,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 305.52,
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                "r": 577.2,
                "b": 278.64
            },
            "text": "Pomper KW, Crabtree SB, Layne DR., Peterson RN., Masabni J., Wolfe D. 2008. The Kentucky pawpaw regional variety trial. J. Amer. Pom. Sci. 62:58-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.71318/apom.2008.62.2.58"
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.18",
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        {
            "id": "p2.19",
            "order": 38,
            "type": "footer",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 346.8,
                "t": 48.96,
                "r": 487.44,
                "b": 36.96
            },
            "text": "KYSU-CEP-FACT-ANR-2026-008",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "vision_footnote"
            }
        }
    ],
    "excluded_furniture": {
        "first": [],
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