doc16823 What-WRWA-does-with-your-waste-1-artifacted.pdf

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                "embedded_text": "Year-on-year\nled, in March 2017, to a successful It would also enable more of London’s\nincreases in the rate\nrestructuring of the Belvedere Energy residual “black bag” waste to be\nfrom Waste (EfW) Facility’s long term converted into green electricity,\nborrowing which will generate particularly during times of peak of landfill tax mean\nsignificant financial savings for the usage, and produce cheap heat for\nAuthority as a consequence. The export to nearby homes and that the landfilling\nFacility will, for decades to come, businesses. In addition, it would\nensure a secure and environmentally continue to convert the residual ash of waste has\nbecome an\nsound treatment method for that left over at the end of the process into\nportion of waste which cannot be construction materials useful for\nreused or recycled. building London’s homes and roads. uneconomic\nThe application is expected to be\nsubmitted to the Government’s proposition as\nIn November 2017 Cory published\nplans to build an integrated, low-\nPlanning Inspectorate in late 2018\ncarbon energy park at its site in and, if the planning process is well as one which\nBelvedere, South East London. This\nwould complement Cory’s existing is found\nsuccessful, construction is targeted\nto begin in 2021, with the Energy Park\nRiverside EfW Facility and comprise a\nto be fully operational by 2024.\nrange of technologies, including waste\nthe energy recovery, anaerobic digestion,\nsolar panels, and battery storage.\nWestern Riverside Waste Authority Waste reuse, recycling and energy recovery in your area – our way forward"
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            "text": "What WRWA does with your waste",
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            "text": "The Government's Waste Hierarchy"
        },
        {
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            "text": "In May 2002 WRWA entered into a long-term contract, known as the Waste Management Services Agreement (WMSA), with Cory Environmental Limited (now trading as Cory Riverside Energy). This contract is helping WRWA to realise its aim of maximising reuse and recycling and providing a greener future for management of its waste."
        },
        {
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            "text": "Prevention"
        },
        {
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            "text": "<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><img src=\"imgs/img_in_chart_box_0_0_626_297.jpg\" alt=\"Image\" width=\"99%\" /></div>"
        },
        {
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            "text": "Preparing for\nReuse"
        },
        {
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            "text": "stations and a new Materials Recycling Facility (MRF) was constructed at Smugglers Way in 2010/11, so that most of the separation and baling process is now carried out on site and the baled materials are then transported on to their various market outlets elsewhere in the UK or abroad."
        },
        {
            "id": "p1.9",
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            "text": "The waste management services provided by WRWA and Cory involve waste and recyclable material being delivered to the Authority's two transfer stations, at Smugglers Way in Wandsworth and Cringle Street in Battersea, for either reuse, recycling or treatment."
        },
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            "text": "V"
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            "text": "Western Riverside Transfer Station,\nnear Wandsworth Bridge, can handle\nover 6,500 tonnes of waste and\nrecyclables per week. WRWA's\nsecond transfer station, Cringle Dock,\nis located next to Battersea Power\nStation and can handle over 6,000\ntonnes of waste and recyclables\nevery week."
        },
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            "text": "Green Waste collected\nkerbside by the constituent councils\nand at WRWA's Household Waste and Recycling Centre is bulked at the transfer stations for onward transportation to a number of centralised composting facilities within, or just outside, the London area."
        },
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            "text": "Recycling"
        },
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            "text": "V"
        },
        {
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            "text": "Both transfer stations use state-of-the-art technology in waste\ncontainerisation and operate efficiently\nand to the highest environmental\nstandards."
        },
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            "text": "led, in March 2017, to a successful restructuring of the Belvedere Energy from Waste (EfW) Facility's long term borrowing which will generate significant financial savings for the Authority as a consequence. The Facility will, for decades to come, ensure a secure and environmentally sound treatment method for that portion of waste which cannot be reused or recycled."
        },
        {
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            "text": "It would also enable more of London's residual \"black bag\" waste to be converted into green electricity, particularly during times of peak usage, and produce cheap heat for export to nearby homes and businesses. In addition, it would continue to convert the residual ash left over at the end of the process into construction materials useful for building London's homes and roads. The application is expected to be submitted to the Government's Planning Inspectorate in late 2018 and, if the planning process is successful, construction is targeted to begin in 2021, with the Energy Park to be fully operational by 2024.\nYear-on-year increases in the rate of landfill tax mean that the landfilling of waste has become an uneconomic proposition as well as one which is found"
        },
        {
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            "text": "Other Recovery"
        },
        {
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            "text": "Cory takes advantage of spare\ncapacity at the transfer stations for\nthe receipt of local trade and\ncommercial waste.\nWRWA currently provides an integral Household Waste and Recycling Centre (previously known as a Civic Amenity Site) at its Smugglers Way transfer station and Lambeth Council also provides its own, additional, Reuse and Recycling Centre at Vale Street, West Norwood."
        },
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            "text": "V"
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            "id": "p1.21",
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            "text": "In November 2017 Cory published plans to build an integrated, low-carbon energy park at its site in Belvedere, South East London. This would complement Cory's existing Riverside EfW Facility and comprise a range of technologies, including waste energy recovery, anaerobic digestion, solar panels, and battery storage."
        },
        {
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            "text": "Disposal"
        },
        {
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            "text": "Collaborative negotiation between the Authority and Cory Riverside Energy led, in March 2017, to a successful restructuring of the Belvedere Energy from Waste (EfW) Facility's long term borrowing which will generate significant financial savings for the Authority as a consequence. The Facility will, for decades to come, ensure a secure and environmentally sound treatment method for that portion of waste which cannot be reused or recycled."
        },
        {
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            "text": "WRWA receives co-mingled and separated recyclables at its transfer stations and a new Materials Recycling Facility (MRF) was constructed at Smugglers Way in 2010/11, so that most of the separation and baling process is now carried out on site and the baled materials are then transported on to their various market outlets elsewhere in the UK or abroad.\nGreen Waste collected\nkerbside by the constituent councils\nand at WRWA's Household Waste and\nRecycling Centre is bulked at the\ntransfer stations for onward\ntransportation to a number of\ncentralised composting facilities\nwithin, or just outside, the London\narea.\nMost of the waste that cannot be reused or recycled is compacted into containers before being loaded onto barges for their onward river journey. Historically, this was to Cory's landfill site located on the Thames Estuary at Mucking, Essex, but since the completion of the Riverside Resource Recovery Limited's (RRRL) Energy from Waste Facility at Belvedere, in the London Borough of Bexley, the waste has been used for energy recovery. The Authority is now sending \"zero waste\" direct to landfill and is generating enough electricity to power over 100,000 homes."
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            "text": "Western Riverside Waste Authority",
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            "id": "p2.1",
            "order": 1,
            "type": "heading",
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            "text": "Recovery",
            "attrs": {
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            "type": "heading",
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            "text": "The journey by river",
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            "text": "An integral part of WRWA's contract with Cory is the use of the River Thames for transporting its residual waste that cannot be reused or recycled. The waste is loaded by crane onto one of Cory's barges in sealed containers – each of Cory's 47 barges has a 300 tonne capacity and is pulled by a tug, which tows them some 20 miles downriver to the Riverside Resource Recovery Energy from Waste facility in Belvedere. The river operation is governed by the tides. Craft containing full containers go downstream on the ebb tide and empty containers are taken back upstream on the flood tide."
        },
        {
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            "text": "Transporting waste by river is occasionally difficult, particularly when there are high winds or fog, but from an environmental point of view it is an excellent method of transport. The four hour journey from the transfer stations to Belvedere, negotiating bends, bridges and currents, requires an experienced skipper at the wheel. Although commercial river traffic has declined, the tugs' crews need to keep a watchful eye for pleasure craft and other users of the River."
        },
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            "text": "Cory's fleet is headed up by its four new tugs which have been in operation since Autumn 2010. The tugs Reclaim, Recovery, Redoubt and Resource are just the latest in a long line of Cory tugs that have been operating on the River Thames for over 110 years and in June 2012 they led the working boats section of the Queen's Jubilee Pageant."
        },
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            "text": "Overall Cory transports around 600,000 tonnes of waste a year on the Thames, thus saving more than 100,000 heavy vehicle movements a year on the capital's already congested roads.\nTo complete the process, the Incinerator Bottom Ash (IBA) produced at the Riverside facility is taken back on Cory's barges in specially designed containers to a new IBA processing facility at Tilbury Docks, developed by Ballast Phoenix. This can process 170,000 tonnes of IBA a year to recover metals and produce a construction aggregate currently being used on the M25 widening scheme and many other road and construction projects."
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.7",
            "order": 7,
            "type": "figure",
            "bbox": {
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            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "image",
                "embedded_text": "Cory is the use of the River Thames for\ntransporting its residual waste.\nRight: The Belvedere Energy from Waste\nfacility is the largest in the UK and generates\n72MW of power.\nTo complete the process, the It is the largest EfW Facility in the UK\nIncinerator Bottom Ash (IBA) and one of the largest in Europe,\nproduced at the Riverside facility is which generates 72MW of power\ntaken back on Cory’s barges in (6MW of which is used on site and the\nspecially designed containers to a remaining 66MW is exported to the\nnew IBA processing facility at Tilbury National Grid). The facility is\nDocks, developed by Ballast Phoenix. consented to receive up to 785,000\nThis can process 170,000 tonnes of tonnes of residual waste each year\nIBA a year to recover metals and and RRRL became fully responsible for\nproduce a construction aggregate its operation in 2011.\ncurrently being used on the M25\nUse of the EfW plant does not\nwidening scheme and many other\nartificially limit WRWA’s ability to\nroad and construction projects.\nreduce or recycle its waste.\nBelvedere Energy from Whilst WRWA has the benefit of a\nWaste plant guaranteed level of capacity at the\nfacility it remains free to reduce or Overall Cory transports around 600,000\nThe Belvedere Energy from Waste\nrecycle its waste without limitation.\nWRWA is not required to supply any tonnes of waste a year on the\nplant (EfW) plant is owned and\noperated by Riverside Resource\nRecovery Limited (RRRL), a wholly Thames, thus saving more than\nguaranteed level of tonnage to the\nfacility, or make any minimum\nowned subsidiary of Cory. The Facility\nprovides for the incineration of waste, 100,000 heavy vehicle movements\npayment. Indeed, the Authority\nreceives a royalty for any capacity\nit gives up and is therefore positively a year on the capital’s already\nand the use of the heat from the\nprocess to generate electricity\nincentivised to make such reductions.\ncongested roads.\nthrough steam generation in boilers."
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                "embedded_text": "congested roads.\nWaste reuse, recycling and energy recovery in your area – our way"
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            "text": "It is the largest EfW Facility in the UK and one of the largest in Europe, which generates 72MW of power (6MW of which is used on site and the remaining 66MW is exported to the National Grid). The facility is consented to receive up to 785,000 tonnes of residual waste each year and RRRL became fully responsible for its operation in 2011."
        },
        {
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            "order": 10,
            "type": "text",
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            "text": "Use of the EfW plant does not artificially limit WRWA's ability to reduce or recycle its waste. Whilst WRWA has the benefit of a guaranteed level of capacity at the facility it remains free to reduce or recycle its waste without limitation. WRWA is not required to supply any guaranteed level of tonnage to the facility, or make any minimum payment. Indeed, the Authority receives a royalty for any capacity it gives up and is therefore positively incentivised to make such reductions.\nOverall Cory transports around 600,000 tonnes of waste a year on the Thames, thus saving more than 100,000 heavy vehicle movements a year on the capital's already congested roads.\nThe planning permission only allows for 195,000 tonnes per annum to be delivered to the Facility by road, with all the remaining waste to be supplied by river. All but 115,000 tonnes of the river waste (transferred via the Port of Tilbury) must originate from within Greater London. The majority of the waste is therefore transferred to the facility via the Authority's Transfer Stations at Smugglers Way and Cringle Dock, the City of London's Transfer Station at Walbrook Wharf and the Transfer Station at Northumberland Wharf in Tower Hamlets."
        },
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            "text": "Belvedere Energy from Waste plant",
            "attrs": {
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            "level": 3
        },
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            "id": "p2.12",
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            "text": "The Belvedere Energy from Waste plant (EfW) plant is owned and operated by Riverside Resource Recovery Limited (RRRL), a wholly owned subsidiary of Cory. The Facility provides for the incineration of waste, and the use of the heat from the process to generate electricity through steam generation in boilers. It is the largest EfW Facility in the UK and one of the largest in Europe, which generates 72MW of power (6MW of which is used on site and the remaining 66MW is exported to the National Grid). The facility is consented to receive up to 785,000 tonnes of residual waste each year and RRRL became fully responsible for its operation in 2011."
        },
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            "type": "text",
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            "text": "The Facility is designed to have the capability of providing waste heat for use by nearby homes or commercial premises, but no suitable outlets have as yet been identified."
        },
        {
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            "type": "text",
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            "text": "However, the Incinerator Bottom Ash (IBA) is being processed at Ballast Phoenix Limited's IBA recycling plant at Tilbury Docks which was constructed to recycle the bottom ash produced at the Facility."
        },
        {
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            "text": "Over 150,000 tonnes per annum of the inputs to Belvedere (approximately 28%) will end up as bottom ash and this is transported from Belvedere by river barge to Tilbury. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals are reclaimed during processing, with the remaining material being processed into aggregate, destined primarily for new road schemes."
        },
        {
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            "text": "The Riverside facility was officially opened by Her Royal Highness\nThe Princess Royal in May 2012 and it is one of the UK's most efficient energy recovery plants and an important strategic waste management facility for the capital."
        },
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                "embedded_text": "The Energ y fr o m W a s te P rocess\njetty th e\nWhen waste gantry the con cran tu ta e gs in s e an ar rs d ri ar ve p e la at u ce n th d lo e aded on facility’s the by back two of golia d ock th\ntractors and trai lers.\nThese into facility the vehic bac tip p k o le in f to s In g d th ci h e al n e liv e l je e ra o r tt f to th th y r fo e e Bottom waste plant r onward and containers Ash process also from ta ke the ing\ncontainers\nat Tilbury.\nand recycling\nWestern Riverside Waste Authority"
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            "text": "When the tugs arrive at the facility's jetty the waste containers are unloaded by two goliath gantry cranes and placed on the back of dock tractors and trailers."
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            "text": "These vehicles deliver the waste containers into the tipping hall of the plant and also take containers of Incinerator Bottom Ash from the facility back to the jetty for onward processing and recycling at Tilbury."
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            "text": "DID YOU KNOW?\nThe facility processes an average of 585,000 tonnes a year of waste over design life. Each container holds 12-14 tonnes of waste.",
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                "embedded_text": "moving cast\nsteel bars.\nThrough the\nforward movement 6. Heat from the flue\nof these bars the gases heats the\nwaste tumbles water in the boiler\nslowly down the tubes turning the\nburning waste bed. water into super\nThe resulting burnt heated steam. This\nout product – 4. Primary heated 5. Secondary swirling air steam drives the\nIncinerator Bottom combustion air drawn from introduced above the grate turbine which in turn\nAsh – falls from the above the waste bunker is through cylindrical nozzles drives the generator,\nbase of the grate distributed into the waste bed ensures that the gases in the producing electricity.\ninto a quench bath. through holes in each cast waste are thoroughly mixed.\nsteel grate bar. This process This results in a fully optimised\ndries the waste and provides combustion process and\nthe correct amount of air to encourages low levels of\nallow good combustion of the toxicity in the gases leaving the\nwaste bed. In compliance with combustion chamber. NOx\nthe Waste Incineration levels are reduced by ammonia\nDirective, the combustion injection to the levels required\nprocess operates at <850ºC. in the Environmental Permit.\nWestern Riverside Waste Authority"
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            "text": "Flue gas treatment",
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            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "image",
                "embedded_text": "2. Gases from the\nTurbosorp® reactor\ntower are drawn into\none of three fabric 5. An induced draught\nbag filters which each fan for each of the\nconsist of 2,048 6m three lines draws\nlong cylindrical fibre clean cooled gas up\nbags on steel wire the 85 metre stack\ncages. The clean where it is discharged\ngases pass through 4. Clean hot gas is drawn into the atmosphere.\nthe filters and the Air 3. Compressed air out of the fabric filter bags Emissions equipment\nPollution Control pulses shake off the through a heat exchanger continually monitors\nResidue (APCR) APCR into silos. The which allows heat to be plant performance in\ncollects on the outer APCR is removed from transferred from the gas relation to the\nsurface of the bags. the site by road tanker. into the boiler feed water. environmental permit.\nWestern Riverside Waste"
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                "embedded_text": "steam leaves the turbine"
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            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "image",
                "embedded_text": "directed onto rings of fixed blades at the same speed as the turbine. condenser. The resulting\ncausing the turbine to rotate at This produces high voltage electricity condensate is then returned to the\nspeed. which is sent to the 132kv substation boilers as boiler feed water.\nand on to the National Grid. The plant\nproduces enough electricity to power\naround 100,000 homes."
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                "embedded_text": "reuse, recycling and energy"
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            "text": "1. Flue gases leave the boiler and pass into a Turbosorp® reactor tower where hydrated lime, powdered activated carbon and water are injected into the swirling gas flow. These help neutralise acids and capture heavy metal particles.",
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            "text": "DID YOU KNOW?\nThe Air Pollution Control Residue (APCR) is a by-product of the combustion process and accounts for approximately 4% of the facility's waste throughput.",
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            "text": "2. Gases from the Turbosorp® reactor tower are drawn into one of three fabric bag filters which each consist of 2,048 6m long cylindrical fibre bags on steel wire cages. The clean gases pass through the filters and the Air Pollution Control Residue (APCR) collects on the outer surface of the bags.",
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            "text": "5. An induced draught fan for each of the three lines draws clean cooled gas up the 85 metre stack where it is discharged into the atmosphere. Emissions equipment continually monitors plant performance in relation to the environmental permit.",
            "attrs": {
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            "text": "4. Clean hot gas is drawn out of the fabric filter bags through a heat exchanger which allows heat to be transferred from the gas into the boiler feed water.",
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            "text": "3. Compressed air pulses shake off the APCR into silos. The APCR is removed from the site by road tanker.",
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            "text": "Steam turbine and generator",
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            "text": "1. High pressure steam from each of the three boiler drums is directed onto rings of fixed blades causing the turbine to rotate at high speed.",
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            "text": "2. The steam turbine is coupled to the electric generator which rotates at the same speed as the turbine. This produces high voltage electricity which is sent to the 132kv substation and on to the National Grid. The plant produces enough electricity to power around 100,000 homes.",
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            "text": "3. Exhaust steam leaves the turbine and is cooled in an air cooled condenser. The resulting condensate is then returned to the boilers as boiler feed water.",
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