accommodations for students as needed. This involves several policies cited in the syllabus and webpages of KYSU. Online faculty should engage with students about the policies as relevant.

Weekly announcements inform students about course expectations for the week ahead. These posts are most effective when they are concise, cover the basic requirements for the week, and are written or recorded professionally.

By 9:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time on the first day of each module, the instructor should post a written or recorded announcement in the LMS introducing the new module to students. This weekly announcement should highlight essential aspects of the learning activities. It should also introduce the assignments for the week and invite students to contact the instructor if additional guidance is needed. It is an opportunity to engage in a personable way while conveying information on items such as reminders and the workload for the week. Specifics such as items that tend to be more challenging, intensive reading for the week, or a significant assignment being due are essential to highlight in these weekly announcements.

The weekly announcements are a point of regular and substantive interaction between the instructor and the students. The consistent posting at the start of each week establishes an expectation that students progress collectively from one module to the next and that the course progresses from start to completion.

In addition to posting the announcement on the course landing page in the LMS, instructors should use the LMS to email the announcement to students directly. The arrival of the email in students' inboxes each week will help drive their academic engagement with the course.

Most online courses are asynchronous and do not involve synchronous lectures. However, video recordings of lectures or recorded presentations are commonly used instead or in combination with synchronous learning opportunities within the parameters specified by programmatic accreditors. The instructor might host a voluntary video conference for students to attend, recording and posting it for those who could not attend to view later. Instructors may find this is an effective way to facilitate academic engagement with students and efficiently discuss their questions about course assignments. Other effective practices include synchronous sessions by appointment or synchronous group projects.

In asynchronous online learning, the instructor must avoid requiring students to participate in synchronous course elements to avoid creating conflicts with how the programs are marketed to students (i.e., professors must avoid requirements that conflict with the advertised program requirements). Additionally, in most online classes, it is not practical to coordinate students' schedules across time zones for a synchronous meeting.

Robust feedback is essential for all online students, whether they struggle or do an impeccable job with an assignment. This mode of interaction is one of the most direct ways faculty members can teach, guide, inspire, and redirect students' efforts. Meaningful, constructive feedback will be timely, specific, actionable, and cordial. Utilizing assignment rubrics as a guide and rationale for the students' scores