The pawpaw (Asimina triloba) is a native tree fruit commonly found in the forest understory in the eastern U.S.

Trees grow well in USDA Hardiness Zones 5–8.

The ripe fruit has yellow to orange flesh with a tropical flavor often described as a blend of banana, mango, and pineapple.

Pawpaw trees grow best in slightly acidic soils (pH 5.5–7.0).

They prefer moist, well-drained sites but should not be planted in areas that remain flooded for long periods. Avoid heavy clay soils.

Seedling trees are less expensive but have unknown fruit quality and may take 5–7 years to flower and fruit due to juvenility.

Grafted trees cost more but produce fruit of known quality and often begin bearing in 3–4 years.

Yes. Pawpaws are generally self-incompatible and require cross-pollination.

Plant at least two genetically different trees. Two grafted trees of the same cultivar will not effectively cross-pollinate.

Dormant trees can be planted in spring (March–April in Kentucky) or fall (early November).

Trees with leaves should be planted after the last frost date, typically in May.

Young trees establish best in light to moderate shade.

Mature trees produce the most fruit in full sun. Heavily shaded trees will produce few fruit.

Yes, especially for trees less than 2 feet tall.

Tree shelters provide shade, reduce wind stress, conserve moisture, and protect trees from animals and herbicides (Fig. 1).

They can significantly improve survival during establishment.