Noise: Heart Disease

• "Transportation noise is a significant and modifiable environmental risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The evidence from epidemiological studies, human exposure experiments, and mechanistic animal models is robust and biologically plausible. Chronic noise exposure induces oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and circadian disruption, which are all hallmarks of cardiovascular pathophysiology.....The full recognition of environmental noise as a cardiovascular risk factor, on par with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking, is advocated." (Munzel, et al., 2025)
• The comprehensive compilation of preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological evidence strongly reinforces the notion that transportation noise serves as a significant environmental factor contributing to the development of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, including chronic coronary artery disease, acute coronary syndrome, arterial hypertension, stroke, and heart failure. (Munzel, et al., 2024)