Moderate quality of evidence for the probability of being highly sleep disturbed per 10-dB increase in Lnight for aircraft, road, and railway noise. (Smith, et al., 2022)
Meta-analysis demonstrates a positive and statistically significant association between traffic noise exposure (aircraft, railway and road traffic)
Overall sleep disturbance/poor sleep quality
Difficulty falling asleep
Difficulty maintaining sleep/night awakenings and three sleep outcomes: (Li., 2026)
This review demonstrates effects of traffic noise on objectively measured sleep physiology and on subjectively assessed sleep disturbance (including sleep quality, problems falling asleep, and awakenings during the night). (Basner, et al., 2018)