(Munzel, et al., 2023)
C 2018 WHO Environmental noise guidelines
Chronic noise exposure
Lden >45 dB(A) for aircraft noise
Lden >54 dB(A) for road and railway noise
Lnight >40–42 dB(A)
A Decibel scale [dBA]
B Adverse health effects of noise exposure
| Adverse health effects | Noise source | Association | Participants (n) | Events (n) | Quality level of evidence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke | Road | Incidence-Mortality | [F2] | 51,485 | 51,485 | 1,881 | +++ |
| 581,517 | 581,517 | 2,634 | +++ | ||||
| Aircraft | Incidence-Mortality | >9 million | >9 million | 97,949 | + | ||
| >4 million | 25,231 | 25,231 | +++ | ||||
| Coronary artery disease | Road | Incidence-Mortality | [F2] | 67,224 | 67,224 | 7,033 | ++++ |
| 532,268 | 532,268 | 6,884 | +++ | ||||
| Aircraft | Incidence-Mortality | >9 million | >9 million | 158,977 | + | ||
| >4 million | 15,532 | 15,532 | ++ | ||||
| Depression | Road | Incidence-Mortality | [F2] | >1.2 million | - | - | +++ |
| Anxiety | Road | Incidence-Mortality | [F2] | 372,079 | 372,079 | - | +++ |
| Sleep disturbance | Estimated RR per 10 dB(A) (95% CI) | ||||||
(Munzel, et al., 2023)