[ { "page": 1, "items": [ { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 34.56, "t": 760.32, "r": 574.32, "b": 696 }, "text": "COOPERATIVE EXTENSION KENTUCKY STATE UNIVERSITY FACT SHEET", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 4.32, "t": 676.56, "r": 331.92, "b": 663.12 }, "text": "Kentucky State University Cooperative Extension Program", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 546, "t": 676.32, "r": 576.96, "b": 664.56 }, "text": "2025", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 142.08, "t": 649.44, "r": 455.76, "b": 616.56 }, "text": "Organic Agriculture 101", "reading_order": 3, "level": 1 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 160.08, "t": 608.64, "r": 440.4, "b": 591.6 }, "text": "Linelle Rivera Rodríguez, Extension Associate", "reading_order": 4, "level": 1 }, { "page": 1, "type": "FIGURE", "location": { "l": 9.84, "t": 570.96, "r": 596.16, "b": 460.56 }, "text": "", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 22.8, "t": 448.08, "r": 281.04, "b": 430.08 }, "text": "Organic Agriculture Crop Production", "reading_order": 6, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 422.4, "r": 184.08, "b": 407.76 }, "text": "What is Organic Agriculture?", "reading_order": 7, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 18.48, "t": 406.56, "r": 295.44, "b": 345.36 }, "text": "Organic agriculture is a way of farming that uses natural methods to protect the environment, keep soil and plants healthy, and avoid synthetic chemicals or GMO's (USDA)", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 329.52, "r": 221.28, "b": 314.88 }, "text": "Is a farming system production that:", "reading_order": 9, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 19.44, "t": 313.68, "r": 255.6, "b": 299.04 }, "text": "•Generally relies on naturally derived inputs.", "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 19.2, "t": 297.6, "r": 295.2, "b": 268.8 }, "text": "•Generally enhances soil and ecosystem health when managed well.", "reading_order": 11 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 267.6, "r": 294.96, "b": 237.84 }, "text": "•Generally prohibits use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, and GMO's.", "reading_order": 12 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 236.64, "r": 294.96, "b": 206.4 }, "text": "Follows a set of regulations that define approved and prohibited practices.", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L1", "level": 0, "reading_order": 13 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 19.2, "t": 204.96, "r": 295.44, "b": 173.76 }, "text": "Relies on inspections and record keeping to ensure regulatory compliance.", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L1", "level": 0, "reading_order": 14 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 19.44, "t": 158.88, "r": 166.56, "b": 144.48 }, "text": "Commonly Used Practices", "reading_order": 15, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 19.2, "t": 143.04, "r": 109.44, "b": 129.36 }, "text": "Crop Rotation", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 16 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 19.2, "t": 127.44, "r": 120, "b": 112.56 }, "text": "Cover Cropping", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 17 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 19.44, "t": 111.84, "r": 100.08, "b": 97.68 }, "text": "Composting", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 18 }, { "page": 1, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 96.72, "r": 141.84, "b": 83.04 }, "text": "Natural Pest Control", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 19 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 19.2, "t": 66.24, "r": 294.48, "b": 36.72 }, "text": "Top Selling Certified Organic Products in Kentucky Farms", "reading_order": 20 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 18.96, "t": 34.8, "r": 289.92, "b": 19.92 }, "text": "Milk, eggs, vegetables and fruits, tobacco, and corn.", "reading_order": 21 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 400.8, "t": 448.08, "r": 501.84, "b": 430.08 }, "text": "Key Principles", "reading_order": 22, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 327.12, "t": 422.16, "r": 581.52, "b": 392.88 }, "text": "Soil Health: minimize soil disturbance, cover crops, and build organic matter.", "reading_order": 23 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 328.08, "t": 391.44, "r": 581.28, "b": 363.12 }, "text": "Biodiversity: crop rotations, cover crops, integrative livestock, and preserve natural habits.", "reading_order": 24 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 328.08, "t": 361.68, "r": 581.52, "b": 317.52 }, "text": "Approved inputs: use only NOP-approved substances (generally naturally derived with prohibition on synthetics).", "reading_order": 25 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 327.84, "t": 316.56, "r": 582.48, "b": 271.92 }, "text": "Animal Welfare: access outdoors, 100% organic fed, no hormones or antibiotics, and must treat animals when sick regardless of organic status.", "reading_order": 26 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 379.2, "t": 262.56, "r": 530.88, "b": 245.76 }, "text": "Steps for Certification", "reading_order": 27, "level": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 330.96, "t": 236.88, "r": 584.64, "b": 207.84 }, "text": "•Understand why you might choose organic certification and how your farm might operate.", "reading_order": 28 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 331.68, "t": 206.64, "r": 584.4, "b": 177.84 }, "text": "•Understand the yearly commitment for inspections and fees (varies from certifiers)", "reading_order": 29 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 331.68, "t": 176.4, "r": 584.88, "b": 147.6 }, "text": "•Become familiar with the National Organic Program and general practices.", "reading_order": 30 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 331.92, "t": 146.16, "r": 508.56, "b": 132.48 }, "text": "•Develop an Organic System Plan.", "reading_order": 31 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 331.44, "t": 131.52, "r": 584.16, "b": 102.48 }, "text": "•Develop a record keeping system and begin keeping detailed records.\n•Transition your land for 3 years with no use of non-approved inputs (exceptions are possible when land has not been treated with non-approved inputs).", "reading_order": 32 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 330.96, "t": 101.52, "r": 586.32, "b": 40.8 }, "text": "• Transition your land for 3 years with no use of non-approved inputs (exceptions are possible when land has not been treated with non-approved inputs).", "reading_order": 33 } ] }, { "page": 2, "items": [ { "page": 2, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 52.8, "t": 774, "r": 266.88, "b": 757.2 }, "text": "Key Terms in Organic Agriculture", "reading_order": 0, "level": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.8, "t": 739.68, "r": 297.12, "b": 663.36 }, "text": "Organic System Plan (OSP) – a written plan that explains how a farmer or business follow organic rules. It should include: farm map, crops or animals that will be used, how records are kept, steps to prevent fraud, and harvest and handling methods.", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 23.28, "t": 662.4, "r": 297.84, "b": 601.44 }, "text": "National Organic Programs (NOP) – is a regulatory program run by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) that sets and enforces the rules for organic farming and production in the U.S.", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.8, "t": 600.72, "r": 297.12, "b": 524.16 }, "text": "Independent Organic Inspectors Association (IOIA)- is a non-profit professional association of organic farm, livestock, and process inspectors. Provide inspectors training and networking services to bring knowledge in organic inspection process.", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.56, "t": 523.92, "r": 296.88, "b": 416.88 }, "text": "Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) – is a non-profit organization that evaluates products like fertilizer, pest control, and other inputs to ensure they meet organic standards and certifies products for use in organic agriculture. The organization adds a seal in products that have been reviewed and approved for organic production.", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.8, "t": 415.92, "r": 296.4, "b": 371.52 }, "text": "Compliance: in organic agriculture it means following all the rules and standards that are required to be certified organic.", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.56, "t": 370.08, "r": 296.88, "b": 263.76 }, "text": "Certifier: is also called a certifying agent, is an organization or agency approved by a government (such as USDA), that checks whether farms and food businesses are following organic rules. The certifier grants or denies the organic certification. Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA) is a certifier in Kentucky.", "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 22.8, "t": 262.8, "r": 297.84, "b": 187.2 }, "text": "Inspector: is a certified agent sent by the certifier to report and see the operation meets organic standards.\nNOP Standards: the official rules set by the USDA that define how organic food must be grown, handled, and processed.", "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 23.04, "t": 186.24, "r": 296.88, "b": 124.32 }, "text": "Part 205: refers to Tittle 7, Part 205 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) in the United States. It contains official rules and standards for the National Organic Program (NOP).", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 2, "type": "FIGURE", "location": { "l": 44.64, "t": 114, "r": 138.24, "b": 45.6 }, "text": "", "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 43.2, "t": 65.28, "r": 138, "b": 46.56 }, "text": "KENTUCKY STATE UNIVERSITY", "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 363.84, "t": 635.04, "r": 526.56, "b": 619.92 }, "text": "For Organic Use · OMRl.org", "reading_order": 11 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 330.48, "t": 614.4, "r": 569.28, "b": 600.48 }, "text": "OMRI has resources list of all the products approved", "reading_order": 12 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 326.4, "t": 575.28, "r": 397.44, "b": 558.96 }, "text": "Challenges", "reading_order": 13, "level": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 322.8, "t": 554.4, "r": 396.48, "b": 540.72 }, "text": "Composting", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 14 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 323.04, "t": 539.76, "r": 433.92, "b": 527.52 }, "text": "Natural Pest Control", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 15 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 322.8, "t": 526.08, "r": 492, "b": 513.36 }, "text": "Weed Control without chemicals", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 16 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 322.56, "t": 511.68, "r": 500.64, "b": 498.48 }, "text": "Building organic market chemicals", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 17 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 322.56, "t": 497.28, "r": 533.76, "b": 484.32 }, "text": "Cost of inputs approved for use in organic", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 18 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 322.56, "t": 484.08, "r": 594.96, "b": 455.76 }, "text": "Initial learning curve during transition (lower yields, weed management, etc.)", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 19 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 326.4, "t": 444.48, "r": 434.16, "b": 428.64 }, "text": "Acknowledgment", "reading_order": 20, "level": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 325.68, "t": 425.28, "r": 573.84, "b": 380.88 }, "text": "Thank you, Shawn Lucas, Extension Assistant Professor, University of Vermont for his support in preparing this fact sheet.", "reading_order": 21 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 326.64, "t": 369.36, "r": 471.84, "b": 354.72 }, "text": "References & Resources", "reading_order": 22, "level": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 317.52, "t": 350.88, "r": 524.16, "b": 322.32 }, "text": "ATTRA. NCAT. Sustainable Agriculture. https://attra.ncat.org/organic-farming/", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 23 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 318, "t": 320.88, "r": 553.2, "b": 293.52 }, "text": "Kentucky Department of Agriculture, Organic Marketing.", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 24 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 322.32, "t": 292.32, "r": 589.2, "b": 265.2 }, "text": "https://www.kyagr.com/marketing/organic-marketing.html", "reading_order": 25 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 318, "t": 263.52, "r": 462.48, "b": 250.56 }, "text": "National Organic Program.", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L5", "level": 0, "reading_order": 26 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 318.72, "t": 250.08, "r": 586.56, "b": 221.52 }, "text": "https://www.ams.usda.gov/about-ams/programs-offices/national-organic-program", "reading_order": 27 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 317.52, "t": 220.08, "r": 491.28, "b": 192.72 }, "text": "Organic Association of Kentucky. https://www.oak-ky.org/", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 28 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 318, "t": 191.76, "r": 547.44, "b": 178.32 }, "text": "OMRI Lists. https://www.omri.org/omri-lists", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 29 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 317.52, "t": 176.88, "r": 493.68, "b": 148.8 }, "text": "UK Cooperative Extension Office. extension.ca.uky.eduUSDA", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 30 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 324.24, "t": 132.24, "r": 400.08, "b": 117.84 }, "text": "Contact me", "reading_order": 31, "level": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 323.28, "t": 113.04, "r": 583.68, "b": 55.44 }, "text": "Linelle N. Rivera Rodriguez, B.S., M.S.\nBiologist, Certified Organic Crop Inspector\nExtension Associate Organic Agriculture\nPhone: 502-597-6449 Email: linelle.rivera@kysu.edu", "reading_order": 32 } ] } ]