Two Regulatory Approaches or a Blend

Communities generally choose one of two structures, or blend both

Zoning Ordinance Amendment Regulate through existing zoning code

Standalone Data Center Ordinance A dedicated chapter outside zoning

Combined Approach (Hybrid) Zoning trigger + standalone standards

• Adds a “data center” definition and permitted-use table entries
• Purpose-built standards: noise, water use, energy, decommissioning
• Zoning code flags the use and sets a size threshold that triggers review
• Applies existing district standards: setbacks, height, lot coverage
• Can apply City-wide regardless of underlying zoning district
• Standalone chapter supplies the detailed operational conditions
• Fastest to adopt — builds on a code Council already administers
• Easier to update as technology and impacts evolve
• Lets Council calibrate scrutiny to project size (e.g., small vs. hyperscale)
• Best fit when impacts resemble other industrial/commercial uses
• Best fit when data centers pose issues zoning code doesn't address

City of Dubuque | Data Center Regulatory Framework

• Most common approach among peer communities reviewed