[ { "page": 1, "items": [ { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 439.44, "t": 760.32, "r": 536.16, "b": 717.36 }, "text": "Dynamic Traffic, LLC\n1904 Main Street\nLake Como, NJ 07719\nT: 732-681-0760", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 322.32, "t": 658.56, "r": 415.92, "b": 643.68 }, "text": "February 12, 2026", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.84, "t": 607.68, "r": 254.64, "b": 568.56 }, "text": "Township of Jackson Planning Board\n95 West Veterans Highway\nJackson, NJ 08527", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.12, "t": 556.8, "r": 305.52, "b": 542.4 }, "text": "Attn: Laura Morrison, Planning Board Secretary", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 285.12, "t": 532.08, "r": 497.28, "b": 492.48 }, "text": "Re: Traffic Regulations Review\nLeft Turn Across Painted Median\nDT # 3342-99-007T", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.6, "t": 481.68, "r": 227.52, "b": 467.04 }, "text": "Dear Planning Board Members:", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 68.64, "t": 455.76, "r": 541.68, "b": 377.52 }, "text": "At the November 3, 2025 Planning Board meeting, the Board's professionals requested that Dynamic Traffic provide justification and rationale supporting our professional opinion that left turns across a painted median are permitted. Our conclusion is based on a review of the relevant state and federal regulations, including the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), New Jersey Title 39, and the Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC). The following summarizes our research, analysis, and professional findings.", "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 68.64, "t": 367.68, "r": 541.92, "b": 327.12 }, "text": "New Jersey Statutes Annotated (N.J.S.A.) Title 39 governs motor vehicles and traffic regulations within the State of New Jersey. It establishes the rules of the road that must be followed by drivers operating motor vehicles. With respect to roadway striping, Section 39:4-191.1 provides:", "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 104.4, "t": 317.04, "r": 507.12, "b": 213.12 }, "text": "“Markings shall be placed only by the authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction as authorized by law, and only for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic. Where used, these markings shall be uniform in design, position, and application. The Commissioner of Transportation may adopt a uniform system of markings consistent with the provisions of this act for use upon public highways within the State. Such a uniform system of markings shall correlate with and so far as possible conform to the current Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways.”", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 68.88, "t": 203.52, "r": 542.16, "b": 112.08 }, "text": "Title 39 therefore expressly incorporates by reference the Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). The MUTCD establishes national standards for the use, installation, and meaning of traffic control devices on all public roads. As it relates to this matter, the MUTCD explains how and when double-yellow striping should be applied under Section 3B.01, \"Yellow Centerline Pavement Markings and Warrants.\" It also explicitly defers to the Uniform Vehicle Code regarding left-turn movements across double-yellow lines and across paved medians.", "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 243.12, "t": 84.72, "r": 365.28, "b": 72.48 }, "text": "www.dynamictraffic.com", "links": [ { "uri": "http://www.dynamictraffic.com/", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 242.96, 72.851, 366.04, 85.5 ] } ], "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 1, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 55.44, "t": 59.76, "r": 554.88, "b": 31.68 }, "text": "Lake Como, NJ | Chester, NJ | Toms River, NJ | Newark, NJ | Marlton, NJ | Newtown, PA | Philadelphia, PA | Bethlehem, PA\nKing of Prussia, PA | Allen, TX | Houston, TX | Austin, TX | Delray Beach, FL | Tampa, FL | Annapolis, MD | Newark, DE", "reading_order": 11 } ] }, { "page": 2, "items": [ { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.6, "t": 719.28, "r": 343.92, "b": 705.36 }, "text": "Section 3B.01 Paragraph 04.C of the MUTCD provides:", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 489.6, "t": 741.36, "r": 541.68, "b": 729.36 }, "text": "Page 2 of 3", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 105.12, "t": 694.32, "r": 506.88, "b": 654.72 }, "text": "“Two-direction no-passing zone markings consisting of two normal solid yellow lines where crossing the center line markings for passing is prohibited for traffic traveling in either direction.”", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.36, "t": 643.68, "r": 306.96, "b": 629.76 }, "text": "Paragraph 08 of the same section further notes:", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 104.4, "t": 618, "r": 507.36, "b": 578.4 }, "text": "“Sections 11-301(c) and 11-311(c) of the Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC) contain information regarding left turns across center line no-passing zone markings and paved medians, respectively.”", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 68.88, "t": 567.84, "r": 542.16, "b": 515.28 }, "text": "Because the MUTCD defers to the UVC for interpretation of left-turn maneuvers across these markings, it is necessary to examine the applicable UVC provisions. The Uniform Vehicle Code is a model set of traffic laws developed to promote consistency and uniformity among states. The relevant UVC sections clearly address the situation under consideration:", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.36, "t": 504.72, "r": 202.8, "b": 490.8 }, "text": "UVC Section 11-301(c)(2):", "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 104.64, "t": 479.28, "r": 506.88, "b": 452.64 }, "text": "“This subsection shall not be construed as prohibiting the crossing of the center line in making a left turn into or from an alley, private road or driveway.”", "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.6, "t": 441.36, "r": 189.6, "b": 428.4 }, "text": "UVC Section 11-311(c):", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 104.4, "t": 428.16, "r": 506.16, "b": 401.76 }, "text": "“The driver of a vehicle may turn left across a paved dividing space unless prohibited by an official traffic-control device.”", "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 67.92, "t": 390.24, "r": 541.92, "b": 312.48 }, "text": "Taken together, these provisions clarify that the purpose of double-yellow centerlines and striped medians is to define and regulate passing restrictions, not to prohibit left-turn ingress or egress to private properties. Put differently, a double-yellow line is intended to prevent hazardous passing maneuvers, not to restrict access to adjacent land uses. If the traffic authority intends to prohibit left turns at a specific location, it must do so through an official traffic-control device, such as a \"No Left Turn\" regulatory sign, in accordance with both the MUTCD and Title 39.", "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 2, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 68.64, "t": 302.4, "r": 542.16, "b": 249.36 }, "text": "It is also critical to note that New Jersey's Title 39 does not contradict or override the MUTCD or the UVC on this matter. Title 39 mandates conformity to the MUTCD, and the MUTCD expressly directs practitioners to apply the UVC's guidance when evaluating whether left turns are permitted across painted medians. The regulatory framework is therefore internally consistent:", "reading_order": 11 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 86.64, "t": 238.8, "r": 333.84, "b": 226.08 }, "text": "Title 39 → requires adherence to the MUTCD;", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L1", "level": 0, "reading_order": 12 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 86.64, "t": 225.36, "r": 540.48, "b": 200.88 }, "text": "MUTCD → establishes the meaning of pavement markings and directs users to the UVC for left-turn interpretation;", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L1", "level": 0, "reading_order": 13 }, { "page": 2, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 86.64, "t": 200.4, "r": 541.68, "b": 174.24 }, "text": "UVC → explicitly states that left turns across double-yellow markings and paved medians are permitted unless specifically prohibited by signage.", "marker": "•", "list_id": "L1", "level": 0, "reading_order": 14 } ] }, { "page": 3, "items": [ { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.12, "t": 718.8, "r": 542.4, "b": 616.32 }, "text": "In conclusion, based on the comprehensive review of Title 39, the MUTCD, and the relevant UVC provisions, it is our professional determination that left turns into and out of a private driveway across a double-yellow line or striped median are not prohibited under New Jersey law. Double-yellow markings do not, on their own, restrict left-turn movements. Such turns may only be prohibited where an official traffic-control device—such as a “No Left Turn” sign—has been installed by the roadway authority. The governing regulatory documents collectively support this interpretation, confirming that left-turn access across painted medians is permissible unless expressly restricted.", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.84, "t": 605.52, "r": 121.44, "b": 591.6 }, "text": "Sincerely,", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.08, "t": 580.56, "r": 183.6, "b": 567.12 }, "text": "Dynamic Traffic, LLC", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 3, "type": "FIGURE", "location": { "l": 69.84, "t": 565.68, "r": 204.72, "b": 494.88 }, "text": "", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.32, "t": 529.92, "r": 194.4, "b": 516 }, "text": "Justin Taylor, PE, PTOE\nSenior Principal", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.8, "t": 515.76, "r": 150.96, "b": 504.24 }, "text": "Senior Principal", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.32, "t": 504, "r": 151.44, "b": 491.28 }, "text": "License #45988", "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.32, "t": 479.28, "r": 92.88, "b": 467.04 }, "text": "JPT", "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.32, "t": 453.36, "r": 333.36, "b": 414.48 }, "text": "c: Steve Tress (via email w/enclosure)\nSal Alfieri, Esq. (via email w/ enclosure)\nRod Ritchie/Rich Ortiz (via email w/ enclosure)", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 3, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 69.84, "t": 403.68, "r": 540.96, "b": 384 }, "text": "File: T:\\TRAFFIC PROJECTS\\3342 Sterling Education Group LLC\\99-007T Jackson Design Planning Planning 2026-02-12 Left Turn Justification 2026-02-12 Left Turn Across Median.docx", "reading_order": 9 } ] }, { "page": 4, "items": [ { "page": 4, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 233.76, "t": 730.8, "r": 372.72, "b": 693.84 }, "text": "JUSTIA", "reading_order": 0, "level": 2 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 73.68, "t": 636.96, "r": 304.08, "b": 621.12 }, "text": "Go to Previous Versions of this Section", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 60.48, "t": 596.4, "r": 508.56, "b": 455.28 }, "text": "2024 New Jersey Revised Statutes\nTitle 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation\nSection 39:4-191.1 - Legal authority; uniformity.", "reading_order": 2, "level": 1 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 60.96, "t": 432.72, "r": 257.76, "b": 396.72 }, "text": "Universal Citation:\nNJ Rev Stat § 39:4-191.1 (2024)", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 4, "type": "FIGURE", "location": { "l": 237.84, "t": 415.44, "r": 257.52, "b": 396.48 }, "text": "", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 63.12, "t": 373.92, "r": 134.16, "b": 358.32 }, "text": "< Previous", "links": [ { "uri": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-39/section-39-4-183-31/", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 64.5, 357, 132, 375 ] } ], "reading_order": 5, "level": 4 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 503.52, "t": 373.92, "r": 549.12, "b": 358.08 }, "text": "Next >", "links": [ { "uri": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-39/section-39-4-191-2/", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 507, 357, 548.25, 375 ] } ], "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 4, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.2, "t": 333.12, "r": 303.12, "b": 316.08 }, "text": "39:4-191.1 Legal authority; uniformity.", "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 4, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 61.44, "t": 302.64, "r": 548.88, "b": 178.8 }, "text": "a. Markings shall be placed only by the authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction as authorized by law, and only for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic. Where used, these markings shall be uniform in design, position, and application. The Commissioner of Transportation may adopt a uniform system of markings consistent with the provisions of this act for use upon public highways within the State. Such a uniform system of markings shall correlate with and so far as possible conform to the current \"Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways.\"", "marker": "100.", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 4, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 61.44, "t": 165.36, "r": 549.6, "b": 76.8 }, "text": "No markings made from paint that has been mixed, in whole or in part, with reflective glass beads containing more than 100 parts per million inorganic arsenic, as determined by x-ray fluorescence, shall be placed on or along any State highway, right-of-way, or other real property owned by or under the administration, jurisdiction, or control of the Department of Transportation.", "marker": "b.", "list_id": "L2", "level": 0, "reading_order": 9 } ] }, { "page": 5, "items": [ { "page": 5, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.16, "t": 732.72, "r": 303.12, "b": 718.08 }, "text": "L.1951, c.23, s.100; amended 2011, c.212, s.5.", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 5, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 63.6, "t": 692.88, "r": 134.16, "b": 678.48 }, "text": "< Previous", "links": [ { "uri": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-39/section-39-4-183-31/", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 64.5, 676.5, 132, 694.5 ] } ], "reading_order": 1, "level": 4 }, { "page": 5, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 504.24, "t": 692.64, "r": 548.88, "b": 678.72 }, "text": "Next »", "links": [ { "uri": "https://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/title-39/section-39-4-191-2/", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 507, 676.5, 548.25, 694.5 ] } ], "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 5, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.44, "t": 645.36, "r": 540.72, "b": 583.68 }, "text": "Disclaimer: These codes may not be the most recent version. New Jersey may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.", "links": [ { "uri": "https://law.justia.com/codes/states.html", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 356.25, 633, 409.5, 645 ] } ], "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 5, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.68, "t": 545.04, "r": 506.4, "b": 529.92 }, "text": "This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.", "links": [ { "uri": "https://policies.google.com/privacy", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 309.75, 532.5, 374.25, 544.5 ] }, { "uri": "https://policies.google.com/terms", "dest": null, "action_type": "/URI", "bbox": [ 397.5, 532.5, 474.75, 544.5 ] } ], "reading_order": 4 } ] }, { "page": 6, "items": [ { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 71.04, "t": 763.2, "r": 126, "b": 752.16 }, "text": "2009 Edition", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 537.6, "t": 763.44, "r": 576.96, "b": 751.44 }, "text": "Page 349", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 177.12, "t": 739.92, "r": 470.16, "b": 726.48 }, "text": "CHAPTER 3B. PAVEMENT AND CURB MARKINGS", "reading_order": 2, "level": 1 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 61.2, "t": 718.32, "r": 415.68, "b": 691.92 }, "text": "Section 3B.01 Yellow Center Line Pavement Markings and Warrants Standard:", "reading_order": 3, "level": 3 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.2, "t": 688.32, "r": 544.32, "b": 650.4 }, "text": "01 Center line pavement markings, when used, shall be the pavement markings used to delineate the separation of traffic lanes that have opposite directions of travel on a roadway and shall be yellow.\nOption:", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 60.72, "t": 648.72, "r": 557.28, "b": 635.76 }, "text": "02 Center line pavement markings may be placed at a location that is not the geometric center of the roadway.", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 60.72, "t": 634.08, "r": 571.44, "b": 598.08 }, "text": "On roadways without continuous center line pavement markings, short sections may be marked with center line pavement markings to control the position of traffic at specific locations, such as around curves, over hills, on approaches to grade crossings, at grade crossings, and at bridges.", "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 70.08, "t": 596.16, "r": 121.2, "b": 584.64 }, "text": "Standard:", "reading_order": 7, "level": 5 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.2, "t": 582, "r": 546.96, "b": 558.48 }, "text": "04 The center line markings on two-lane, two-way roadways shall be one of the following as shown in Figure 3B-1:", "reading_order": 8 }, { "page": 6, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 87.84, "t": 557.28, "r": 569.04, "b": 533.28 }, "text": "Two-direction passing zone markings consisting of a normal broken yellow line where crossing the center line markings for passing with care is permitted for traffic traveling in either direction;", "marker": "A.", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 6, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 86.88, "t": 533.76, "r": 572.16, "b": 487.44 }, "text": "One-direction no-passing zone markings consisting of a double yellow line, one of which is a normal broken yellow line and the other is a normal solid yellow line, where crossing the center line markings for passing with care is permitted for the traffic traveling adjacent to the broken line, but is prohibited for traffic traveling adjacent to the solid line; or", "marker": "B.", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 6, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 86.64, "t": 487.92, "r": 570.96, "b": 464.4 }, "text": "Two-direction no-passing zone markings consisting of two normal solid yellow lines where crossing the center line markings for passing is prohibited for traffic traveling in either direction.", "marker": "C.", "list_id": "L3", "level": 0, "reading_order": 11 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.08, "t": 462.96, "r": 511.44, "b": 450 }, "text": "A single solid yellow line shall not be used as a center line marking on a two-way roadway.", "reading_order": 12 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.92, "t": 461.52, "r": 71.04, "b": 451.92 }, "text": "05", "reading_order": 13 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 66.48, "t": 449.52, "r": 559.44, "b": 413.04 }, "text": "6 Ine center line markings on undivided two-way roadways with four or more lanes for moving motor vehicle traffic always available shall be the two-direction no-passing zone markings consisting of a solid double yellow line as shown in Figure 3B-2.", "reading_order": 14 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.4, "t": 448.32, "r": 70.8, "b": 438 }, "text": "06", "reading_order": 15 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 71.28, "t": 412.8, "r": 120.48, "b": 401.28 }, "text": "Guidance:", "reading_order": 16 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.64, "t": 398.4, "r": 549.84, "b": 362.88 }, "text": "On two-way roadways with three through lanes for moving motor vehicle traffic, two lanes should be designated for traffic in one direction by using one- or two-direction no-passing zone markings as shown in Figure 3B-3.", "reading_order": 17 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 70.8, "t": 360.72, "r": 112.08, "b": 348.24 }, "text": "Support:", "reading_order": 18, "level": 4 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.4, "t": 346.8, "r": 559.44, "b": 310.08 }, "text": "08 Sections 11-301(c) and 11-311(c) of the “Uniform Vehicle Code (UVC)” contain information regarding left turns across center line no-passing zone markings and paved medians, respectively. The UVC can be obtained from the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances at the address shown on Page i.", "reading_order": 19 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 71.52, "t": 308.64, "r": 121.44, "b": 296.64 }, "text": "Standard:", "reading_order": 20, "level": 5 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.44, "t": 294.72, "r": 558.24, "b": 247.2 }, "text": "09 Center line markings shall be placed on all paved urban arterials and collectors that have a traveled way of 20 feet or more in width and an ADT of 6,000 vehicles per day or greater. Center line markings shall also be placed on all paved two-way streets or highways that have three or more lanes for moving motor vehicle traffic.", "reading_order": 21 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 70.8, "t": 246, "r": 120.96, "b": 234.24 }, "text": "Guidance:", "reading_order": 22, "level": 5 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.16, "t": 232.32, "r": 566.88, "b": 172.56 }, "text": "10 Center line markings should be placed on paved urban arterials and collectors that have a traveled way of 20 feet or more in width and an ADT of 4,000 vehicles per day or greater. Center line markings should also be placed on all rural arterials and collectors that have a traveled way of 18 feet or more in width and an ADT of 3,000 vehicles per day or greater. Center line markings should also be placed on other traveled ways where an engineering study indicates such a need.", "reading_order": 23 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 64.8, "t": 171.6, "r": 571.2, "b": 122.16 }, "text": "Engineering judgment should be used in determining whether to place center line markings on traveled ways that are less than 16 feet wide because of the potential for traffic encroaching on the pavement edges, traffic being affected by parked vehicles, and traffic encroaching into the opposing traffic lane.\nOption:", "reading_order": 24 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 62.4, "t": 169.68, "r": 69.36, "b": 160.32 }, "text": "11", "reading_order": 25 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 61.44, "t": 120, "r": 565.68, "b": 106.08 }, "text": "12 Center line markings may be placed on other paved two-way traveled ways that are 16 feet or more in width.", "reading_order": 26 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 59.04, "t": 105.12, "r": 560.64, "b": 80.4 }, "text": "13 If a traffic count is not available, the ADTs described in this Section may be estimates that are based on engineering judgment.", "reading_order": 27 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 591.84, "t": 550.56, "r": 611.52, "b": 469.44 }, "text": "
\"Image\"
\n", "reading_order": 28 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 70.56, "t": 38.16, "r": 122.4, "b": 28.32 }, "text": "December 2009", "reading_order": 29 }, { "page": 6, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 539.76, "t": 37.92, "r": 576.24, "b": 28.32 }, "text": "Sect. 3B.01", "reading_order": 30 } ] }, { "page": 7, "items": [ { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 384.1643, "t": 755.8465, "r": 452.0709, "b": 728.732 }, "text": "Price: $100.00\n1/00", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 0.7199, "t": 715.2948, "r": 36.2329, "b": 688.6602 }, "text": "1", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 73.6655, "t": 685.0609, "r": 113.4976, "b": 493.0999 }, "text": "NCUTLO", "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 160.5284, "t": 713.1352, "r": 452.3109, "b": 615.2351 }, "text": "Welcome to the Millennium Edition of the Uniform Vehicle Code.", "reading_order": 3, "level": 1 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 137.7329, "t": 524.0536, "r": 450.3913, "b": 353.6882 }, "text": "This new edition of the National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances' Uniform Vehicle Code is the first comprehensive revision of this important reference compilation since 1992. This edition contains all changes to the UVC since the reorganization and revitalization of the Committee in 1995, which are significant. Many changes were driven by the development of the National Committee's newest area of focus since that reorganization, the drafting of model laws in areas of current critical interest to the traffic safety community. All changes which evolved from the drafting and approval of the Committee's six model laws and one policy statement have been included in this draft, and the text has been comprehensively edited for housekeeping and grammatical improvements.", "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 137.253, "t": 327.7734, "r": 450.3913, "b": 260.5871 }, "text": "Also included in this volume are copies of the current Model Laws of the National Committee, as well as its Policy Statement and Compilation of Laws on Aggressive Driving. Please utilize these models in the drafting efforts of your state or municipality and help assure the uniformity of our nation's traffic laws.", "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 7, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 129.0946, "t": 149.4896, "r": 445.1123, "b": 97.6602 }, "text": "© National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances 2000\nContents may be printed with attribution.\nFor legislative bodies: unrestricted and unlimited use.", "reading_order": 6 } ] }, { "page": 8, "items": [ { "page": 8, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 185.4959, "t": 693.84, "r": 456.4207, "b": 671.52 }, "text": "ARTICLE III—DRIVING ON RIGHT SIDE OF ROADWAY—OVERTAKING AND PASSING—USE OF ROADWAY", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 8, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 105.8263, "t": 660.72, "r": 438.4231, "b": 647.52 }, "text": "$ 11-301-Drive on right side of roadway-exceptions", "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 103.4266, "t": 637.2, "r": 535.1305, "b": 614.4 }, "text": "Upon all roadways of sufficient width a vehicle shall be driven upon the right half of the roadway, except as follows:", "marker": "(a)", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 103.6665, "t": 614.16, "r": 535.1305, "b": 592.32 }, "text": "When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing such movement;", "marker": "1.", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 103.1866, "t": 592.08, "r": 536.0904, "b": 524.88 }, "text": "When an obstruction exists making it necessary to drive to the left of the center of the highway; provided any person driving to the left of the center of the highway shall yield the right of way to all vehicles traveling in the proper direction upon the unobstructed portion of the highway within such distance as to constitute an immediate hazard;", "marker": "2.", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 4 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 104.6264, "t": 524.16, "r": 535.1305, "b": 500.4 }, "text": "Upon a roadway divided into three marked lanes for traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or", "marker": "3.", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "items": [ { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 149.5006, "t": 501.36, "r": 436.7433, "b": 490.32 }, "text": "Upon a roadway restricted to one-way traffic.", "marker": "4.", "list_id": "L4", "level": 1, "reading_order": 0 } ], "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 102.9466, "t": 490.32, "r": 535.8504, "b": 388.08 }, "text": "Upon all roadways any vehicle proceeding at less than the normal speed of traffic at the time and place and under the conditions then existing shall be driven in the right-hand lane then available for traffic, or as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction or when preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road, alley, or driveway. The intent of this subsection is to facilitate the overtaking of slowly moving vehicles by faster moving vehicles.", "marker": "(b)", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 8, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 102.9466, "t": 388.08, "r": 537.7702, "b": 285.12 }, "text": "Upon any roadway having four or more lanes for moving traffic and providing for two-way movement of traffic, no vehicle shall be driven to the left of the center line of the roadway, except when authorized by official traffic-control devices designating certain lanes to the left side of the center of the roadway for use by traffic not otherwise permitted to use such lanes, or except as permitted under subsection (a)2. This subsection shall not be construed as prohibiting the crossing of the center line in making a left turn into or from an alley, private road or driveway.", "marker": "(c)", "list_id": "L4", "level": 0, "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 8, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 105.1063, "t": 276, "r": 491.2162, "b": 263.52 }, "text": "§ 11-302—Passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions", "reading_order": 8, "level": 4 }, { "page": 8, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 102.9466, "t": 252.72, "r": 535.8504, "b": 195.36 }, "text": "Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other to the right, and upon roadways having width for not more than one line of traffic in each direction each driver shall give to the other at least one-half of the main-traveled portion of the roadway as nearly as possible.", "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 8, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 598.0023, "t": 737.76, "r": 611.2006, "b": 666.48 }, "text": "[\n[\n[", "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 8, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 311.2396, "t": 110.64, "r": 327.5575, "b": 100.08 }, "text": "131", "reading_order": 11 } ] }, { "page": 9, "items": [ { "page": 9, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 95.2614, "t": 708.6842, "r": 524.7776, "b": 686.3653 }, "text": "driver has first ascertained that such movement can be made with safety.", "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 95.0215, "t": 685.6453, "r": 525.9774, "b": 584.6104 }, "text": "Upon a roadway which is divided into three lanes and provides for two-way movement of traffic, a vehicle shall not be driven in the center lane except when overtaking and passing another vehicle traveling in the same direction when such center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance, or in preparation for making or completing a left turn; or where such center lane is at the time allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the same direction that the vehicle is proceeding and such allocation is designated by official traffic-control devices.", "marker": "(b)", "list_id": "L5", "level": 0, "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 95.5014, "t": 584.3704, "r": 525.7374, "b": 527.7333 }, "text": "Official traffic-control devices may be erected directing specified traffic to use a designated lane or designating those lanes to be used by traffic moving in a particular direction regardless of the center of the roadway and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of every such device.", "marker": "(c)", "list_id": "L5", "level": 0, "reading_order": 2 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 95.0215, "t": 527.4933, "r": 525.7374, "b": 493.1751 }, "text": "Official traffic-control devices may be installed prohibiting the changing of lanes on sections of roadway, and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of every such device.", "marker": "(d)", "list_id": "L5", "level": 0, "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 9, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 96.2212, "t": 482.3756, "r": 309.0597, "b": 470.8562 }, "text": "$ 11-310—Following too closely", "reading_order": 4, "level": 5 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 95.0215, "t": 459.8167, "r": 525.2575, "b": 425.9785 }, "text": "The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicles and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.", "marker": "(a)", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 95.0215, "t": 425.2585, "r": 526.2173, "b": 334.7831 }, "text": "Whenever conditions permit, the driver of any truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle when traveling upon a roadway outside of a business or residence district and which is following another truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle, shall leave sufficient space so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy such space without danger, except that this shall not prevent a truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle from overtaking and passing any vehicle or combination of vehicles.", "marker": "(b)", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 9, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 94.3016, "t": 323.9836, "r": 526.2173, "b": 255.5871 }, "text": "Motor vehicles being driven upon any roadway outside of a business or residence district in a caravan or motorcade whether or not towing other vehicles shall be so operated as to allow sufficient space between each such vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle to enter and occupy such space without danger. This provision shall not apply to funeral processions.", "marker": "(c)", "list_id": "L6", "level": 0, "reading_order": 7 }, { "page": 9, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 140.8525, "t": 245.5076, "r": 346.0125, "b": 233.5082 }, "text": "11-311-Driving on divided highways", "reading_order": 8, "level": 5 }, { "page": 9, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 93.8217, "t": 222.4688, "r": 525.9774, "b": 153.8322 }, "text": "(a) Whenever any highway has been divided into two or more roadways by leaving an intervening space, a physical barrier, or a clearly indicated dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by official traffic-control devices or police officers.", "reading_order": 9 }, { "page": 9, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 560.0507, "t": 711.564, "r": 585.2458, "b": 697.1647 }, "text": "-7", "reading_order": 10 }, { "page": 9, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 302.1011, "t": 113.7542, "r": 319.6176, "b": 103.4348 }, "text": "134", "reading_order": 11 } ] }, { "page": 10, "items": [ { "page": 10, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 101.5067, "t": 704.497, "r": 534.1699, "b": 647.8685 }, "text": "No vehicle shall be driven over, across or within any such dividing space, barrier or section; except a vehicle may be driven through an opening in such physical barrier or dividing section or space or at an established cross-over or intersection unless specifically prohibited by public authority.", "marker": "(b)", "list_id": "L7", "level": 0, "reading_order": 0 }, { "page": 10, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 101.7467, "t": 647.6285, "r": 533.93, "b": 624.5932 }, "text": "The driver of a vehicle may turn left across a paved dividing space unless prohibited by an official traffic-control device.", "marker": "(c)", "list_id": "L7", "level": 0, "reading_order": 1 }, { "page": 10, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 103.4264, "t": 614.2753, "r": 294.2014, "b": 602.5177 }, "text": "S 11-312—Restricted access", "reading_order": 2, "level": 5 }, { "page": 10, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 101.9866, "t": 591.24, "r": 533.69, "b": 557.1669 }, "text": "No person shall drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled access highway except at such entrances and exits as are established by public authority.", "reading_order": 3 }, { "page": 10, "type": "TITLE", "location": { "l": 102.9465, "t": 546.609, "r": 477.7773, "b": 534.6114 }, "text": "$11-313—Restrictions on use of controlled-access roadway", "reading_order": 4, "level": 5 }, { "page": 10, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 101.7467, "t": 523.5737, "r": 533.69, "b": 466.9452 }, "text": "The (State highway commission) by resolution or order entered in its minutes, and local authorities by ordinance, may regulate or prohibit the use of any controlled-access roadway (or highway) within their respective jurisdictions by any class or kind of traffic which is found to be incompatible with the normal and safe movement of traffic.", "marker": "(a)", "list_id": "L8", "level": 0, "reading_order": 5 }, { "page": 10, "type": "LIST_ITEM", "location": { "l": 101.5067, "t": 466.7052, "r": 534.1699, "b": 410.3167 }, "text": "The (State highway commission) or the local authority adopting any such prohibition shall erect and maintain official traffic-control devices on the controlled-access highway on which such prohibitions are applicable and when in place no person shall disobey the restrictions stated on such devices.", "marker": "(b)", "list_id": "L8", "level": 0, "reading_order": 6 }, { "page": 10, "type": "TEXT", "location": { "l": 309.0795, "t": 110.6175, "r": 326.1172, "b": 99.5798 }, "text": "135", "reading_order": 7 } ] } ]