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"text": "Robert L. Geneve,[p1.2.1] Kirk W. Pomper,[p1.2.2] Sharon T. Kester,[p1.2.3] Jonathan N. Egilla,[p1.2.4] Cynthia L.H. Finneseth,[p1.2.5] Sheri B. Crabtree,[p1.2.6] and Desmond R. Layne[p1.2.7]",
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"text": "ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Asimina triloba, cuttings, grafting, budding, seeds, recalcitrant, dormancy, layering, micropropagation"
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"text": "SUMMARY. Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) is an under-exploited small tree with commercial potential as a fruit crop, ornamental tree, and source of secondary products with insecticidal and medicinal properties. It is most often propagated from seeds that are recalcitrant and must be stored moist at a chilling temperature. Seeds display combinational (morphophysiological) dormancy. Endogenous, physiological dormancy is broken by about 100 days of chilling stratification followed by a period of warm moist conditions where the small embryo develops prior to seedling emergence about 45 days after the warm period begins. Pawpaw cultivars with superior fruit characteristics are propagated by grafting onto seedling understocks. The most common practice is chip budding. Other methods of clonal propagation have proven problematic. Pawpaw can be propagated from cuttings, but only in very young seedling stock plants. Micropropagation from mature sources is not yet possible, but shoot proliferation has been accomplished from seedling explants and explants rejuvenated by induction of shoots from root cuttings of mature plants. However, rooting of microcuttings and subsequent acclimatization has not been successful.",
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"text": "The pawpaw is a temperate member of the mostly tropical Annonaceae or custard apple family. Pawpaw has commercial value both as a small landscape tree, an orchard fruit crop, and as a source for novel secondary products (Layne, 1996). Research in pawpaw as a commercial crop began in 1990 (Callaway, 1992) at Kentucky State University (KSU) and became a collaborative effort between KSU and the University of Kentucky in 1995. In 1994, United States Department of Agriculture approved the initiation of an Asimina clonal germplasm repository located and supervised by KSU. In addition to maintaining an extensive orchard collection of pawpaw germplasm, one of the long-term objectives of our research program is to improve propagation in pawpaw to make it more available for commercial production. Pawpaw has some unique characteristics for seed germination and clonal propagation can prove challenging. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of propagation methods for pawpaw and highlight the research efforts from our program over the past 7 years."
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"text": "Univ. Ky. Expt. Sta. Publ. 02-11-22. This research was funded through grants from U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Capacity Building grants no. 95-38814-1721 to DRL and no. 00-38814-9539 to KWP. Rgeneve@uky.edu.\n [p1.8.1]Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546.\n [p1.8.2]Kentucky State University, Atwood Research Facility, Frankfort, KY 40601.\n [p1.8.3]Department of Horticulture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634.",
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"text": "HorTechnology · July–September 2003 13(3)",
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