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            "text": "plants than organic, but higher yields from the organic tomatoes. The results suggest that tomato and Brussels sprout plants were not limited by nitrogen or light, but basil plants were."
        },
        {
            "id": "p15.2",
            "order": 2,
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            "text": "Despite vigorous growth and superior competitiveness of Brussels sprout plants, most sprouts were bitter and elongated, rendering them unmarketable. These problems are associated with excessive heat or nitrogen (Rahn et al. 1993), and were more pronounced in 2002 than 2001. Brussels sprout is a cool season crop, while basil and tomato are warm season crops; their differing heat requirements make them poor companions for concurrent production. A previous attempt to transplant Brussels sprout into tomato or basil beds in mid-summer, for winter harvest, did not result in a marketable harvest because Brussels sprout plants did not compete successfully with companion crops that had a much earlier start (Bomford 2004)."
        },
        {
            "id": "p15.3",
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            "text": "Differences between 2001 and 2002 should not obscure the similarities that emerged between treatments across years. All crops showed a decrease in RCI and an increase in RY from 2001 to 2002, but the relationship between crops changed very little when evaluated by either of these indices (Figures 5 and 6): The stronger competitor in each mixture was the same in both years, and the proportion of LER accounted for by each crop was very similar. The crops mixed in this study had similar effects on one another in both years, supporting the idea that specific companion mixtures could be recommended with an expectation that they would offer consistent benefits to producers."
        },
        {
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            "text": "Both of the popularly recommended mixtures tested in this study included basil as a secondary crop. Basil was the least competitive crop of those tested, and it did not significantly reduce weight or yield of tomato or Brussels sprout grown with it, relative to pure stands. In 2002 individual tomato and Brussels sprout plants produced more aboveground biomass when grown in mixtures with basil than in pure stands. Tomato and Brussels sprout yields did not differ significantly between basil mixtures and pure stands, even though their density in basil mixtures was half their density in pure stands. This could be taken as evidence that basil enhanced growth of its companions, as claimed in some popular publications (e.g. Riotte 1975), or as evidence that the pure stand density of tomato and Brussels sprout was excessive, with the observed benefit due to the reduction in same-species neighbors, not the introduction of basil companions."
        },
        {
            "id": "p15.5",
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            "text": "The biomass produced by individual tomato or Brussels sprout plants in tomato-Brussels sprout mixtures did not differ significantly from pure stands. Although the LER of this mixture was not significantly greater than one in either year, differences lacked significance due to variability between replicates: The T&S mixture showed the same tendency to increase between 2001 and 2002 as the other mixtures (Figure 7). Both tomato and brassica crops have been shown to inhibit growth of some other plant species through allelopathy (Kluson 1995, Kim 2001), but this study showed no evidence of antagonism between the two crops when mixed. The LER values of 0.92 and 1.25 calculated for Brussels sprout-tomato mixtures grown in 2001 and 2002 in this study are lower than the values of 1.70 and 1.63 calculated from data presented by Brown et al. (1985) for cabbage-tomato mixtures grown in 1981 and 1982 in Illinois. Neither study supports the assertion of popular manuals (Riotte 1975, Jeavons 2006) that tomato and"
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