{
    "document_id": 13105,
    "page": 2,
    "width_pt": 612,
    "height_pt": 792,
    "rotation": 0,
    "pipeline_version": "paddleocr-vl-1.6+paul-48",
    "engine": "paddleocr_vl",
    "source_run_id": 13217,
    "item_count": 35,
    "counts_by_type": {
        "figure": 2,
        "footer": 2,
        "footnote": 2,
        "heading": 5,
        "list": 4,
        "list_item": 19,
        "text": 1
    },
    "build_ms": 4,
    "items": [
        {
            "id": "p2.1",
            "order": 1,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 29.04,
                "t": 766.56,
                "r": 141.36,
                "b": 751.44
            },
            "text": "Nutritional Benefits",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "paragraph_title"
            },
            "level": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.2",
            "order": 2,
            "type": "list",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 28.32,
                "t": 743.2439939999999,
                "r": 290.88,
                "b": 644.64
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "item_count": 3
            },
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "p2.2.1",
                    "order": 3,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 29.04,
                        "t": 743.2439939999999,
                        "r": 281.52,
                        "b": 694.8
                    },
                    "text": "Spinach is rich in vitamins A, C, K1, and B9 (folate), as well as minerals such as iron and calcium (Cleveland Clinic & AHA, 2024)."
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.2.2",
                    "order": 4,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 28.8,
                        "t": 693.6719939999999,
                        "r": 283.68,
                        "b": 661.68
                    },
                    "text": "It contains antioxidants such as lutein and zeaxanthin (Cleveland Clinic, 2024).",
                    "marker": "-"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.2.3",
                    "order": 5,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 28.32,
                        "t": 660.6239939999999,
                        "r": 290.88,
                        "b": 644.64
                    },
                    "text": "Spinach is low in calories and high in fiber (AHA, 2024)."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.3",
            "order": 6,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 30.72,
                "t": 612.72,
                "r": 119.76,
                "b": 598.08
            },
            "text": "Health Benefits",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "paragraph_title"
            },
            "level": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.4",
            "order": 7,
            "type": "list",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 35.28,
                "t": 590.442994,
                "r": 284.88,
                "b": 345.12
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "item_count": 5
            },
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "p2.4.1",
                    "order": 8,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 35.28,
                        "t": 590.442994,
                        "r": 282.48,
                        "b": 560.64
                    },
                    "text": "Improved eye health: Vitamin A and beta-carotene lower risks of eye disorders (Cleveland Clinic, 2024).",
                    "marker": "•"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.4.2",
                    "order": 9,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 36.48,
                        "t": 559.722994,
                        "r": 276.72,
                        "b": 514.8
                    },
                    "text": "Cancer prevention: Antioxidants minimize the damaging effects of free radicals, thus may reduce the effects of cancer disease (NFCR, 2024).",
                    "marker": "•"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.4.3",
                    "order": 10,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 36.24,
                        "t": 513.6429939999999,
                        "r": 284.88,
                        "b": 453.12
                    },
                    "text": "Lowered blood pressure levels: Spinach is high in magnesium, folate and a B Vitamin that create nitric oxide which is known to help lower blood pressure (Cleveland Clinic, 2024).",
                    "marker": "-"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.4.4",
                    "order": 11,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 36.48,
                        "t": 452.20299399999993,
                        "r": 282.72,
                        "b": 391.92
                    },
                    "text": "Skin health and immune function: Vitamin C builds strong skin, repairs tissue and supports a responsive and protected immune system (Oregon State University, 2025).",
                    "marker": "-"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.4.5",
                    "order": 12,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 36.48,
                        "t": 390.76299399999994,
                        "r": 283.2,
                        "b": 345.12
                    },
                    "text": "Supports healthy blood: Eating an iron-rich diet that includes spinach can help prevent iron-deficiency known as anemia (AHA, 2024).",
                    "marker": "•"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.5",
            "order": 13,
            "type": "figure",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 36.96,
                "t": 337.92,
                "r": 279.84,
                "b": 195.36
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "image"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.6",
            "order": 14,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 344.16,
                "t": 764.88,
                "r": 534.48,
                "b": 749.28
            },
            "text": "Add Spinach to Your Healthy Diet",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "paragraph_title"
            },
            "level": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.7",
            "order": 15,
            "type": "list",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 343.2,
                "t": 744.9469939999999,
                "r": 593.52,
                "b": 535.92
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "item_count": 5
            },
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "p2.7.1",
                    "order": 16,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 343.2,
                        "t": 744.9469939999999,
                        "r": 593.52,
                        "b": 729.3109939999999
                    },
                    "text": "Sauté: fresh spinach with garlic, onions, and olive oil.",
                    "marker": "•"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.7.2",
                    "order": 17,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 343.92,
                        "t": 728.433994,
                        "r": 562.56,
                        "b": 681.12
                    },
                    "text": "Bake: spinach, artichoke hearts, mayonnaise, parmesan cheese, and monterey jack cheese together for a classic spinach artichoke dip."
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.7.3",
                    "order": 18,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 343.68,
                        "t": 680.4283939999999,
                        "r": 584.16,
                        "b": 633.36
                    },
                    "text": "Blend: spinach with fruits; strawberries, pineapple, banana, and chia seeds to make a delicious smoothie.",
                    "marker": "-"
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.7.4",
                    "order": 19,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 343.68,
                        "t": 631.6443939999999,
                        "r": 586.08,
                        "b": 585.12
                    },
                    "text": "Fold: spinach, red bell peppers, and hummus together on a whole-wheat flatbread for a healthy, filling snack."
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.7.5",
                    "order": 20,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 343.2,
                        "t": 584.4143939999999,
                        "r": 593.52,
                        "b": 535.92
                    },
                    "text": "Toss: spinach, feta, toasted almonds, red onions, and apples to make a classic spinach salad. Dress with a mustard vinaigrette."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.8",
            "order": 21,
            "type": "figure",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 327.12,
                "t": 528.48,
                "r": 579.12,
                "b": 334.32
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "image"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.9",
            "order": 22,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 334.08,
                "t": 279.36,
                "r": 441.84,
                "b": 264.72
            },
            "text": "Acknowledgments",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "paragraph_title"
            },
            "level": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.10",
            "order": 23,
            "type": "text",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 333.36,
                "t": 250.08,
                "r": 580.32,
                "b": 196.8
            },
            "text": "We thank Ms. Nicole Daniels, Mr. Jody Thompson, and Ms. Kara Back-Campbell for their time and review of this publication. We acknowledge the USDA Evans-Allen Project #7004987 for support of this research."
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.11",
            "order": 24,
            "type": "heading",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 289.44,
                "t": 179.04,
                "r": 338.16,
                "b": 165.84
            },
            "text": "Sources",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "paragraph_title"
            },
            "level": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.12",
            "order": 25,
            "type": "list",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 24.96,
                "t": 160.22899399999994,
                "r": 603.12,
                "b": 57.36
            },
            "text": "",
            "attrs": {
                "item_count": 6
            },
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.1",
                    "order": 26,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 24.96,
                        "t": 160.22899399999994,
                        "r": 589.92,
                        "b": 133.92
                    },
                    "text": "American Heart Association (AHA). (2024). Among Leafy Green Powerhouses, Spinach Packs a Wallop. Cleveland Clinic Health Essentials. (2024). 7 Reasons You Should Eat More Spinach. https://www.heart.org/en/news/2024/03/25/among-leafy-green-powerhouses-spinach-packs-a-wallop",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.2",
                    "order": 27,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 25.44,
                        "t": 130.51099399999998,
                        "r": 438,
                        "b": 118.56
                    },
                    "text": "Colorado State University Extension. (2025). Colorado Spinach. https://extension.colostate.edu/resource/colorado-spinach-2/",
                    "marker": "•",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.3",
                    "order": 28,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 25.2,
                        "t": 115.65199399999995,
                        "r": 301.2,
                        "b": 103.68
                    },
                    "text": "Oregon State University. (2025). Food Hero Spinach. https://foodhero.org/spinach",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.4",
                    "order": 29,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 25.2,
                        "t": 100.79299399999991,
                        "r": 603.12,
                        "b": 88.8
                    },
                    "text": "National Foundation for Cancer Research (NFCR). (2024). Spinach: A Superpower Against Colon Cancer. https://www.nfcr.org/blog/spinach-a-superpower-against-colon-cancer/",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.5",
                    "order": 30,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 24.96,
                        "t": 85.93399399999998,
                        "r": 357.84,
                        "b": 73.92
                    },
                    "text": "Seed Savers Exchange (SSE). (2025). Growing Guide: Spinach.https://seedsavers.org/grow-spinach/",
                    "marker": "•",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": "p2.12.6",
                    "order": 31,
                    "type": "list_item",
                    "bbox": {
                        "l": 25.44,
                        "t": 69.68699399999991,
                        "r": 394.32,
                        "b": 57.36
                    },
                    "text": "University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service. (2021). Home Vegetable Gardening in Kentucky (ID-128)",
                    "marker": "•",
                    "attrs": {
                        "block_label": "reference_content"
                    }
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.13",
            "order": 32,
            "type": "footnote",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 36.48,
                "t": 191.76,
                "r": 262.08,
                "b": 170.64
            },
            "text": "Image credit: NFCR https://www.nfcr.org/blog/spinach-a-superpower-against-colon-cancer/",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "vision_footnote"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.14",
            "order": 33,
            "type": "footnote",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 334.8,
                "t": 330.48,
                "r": 578.88,
                "b": 300
            },
            "text": "Image1 credit: Panlasang Pinoy, https://panlasangpinoy.com/garlic-sesame-spinach-recipe/ Image2 credit: Veggie World Recipes, https://veggieworldrecipes.com/cauliflower-spinach-green-smoothie/",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "vision_footnote"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.15",
            "order": 34,
            "type": "footer",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 34.56,
                "t": 46.32,
                "r": 262.56,
                "b": 34.56
            },
            "text": "Kentucky State University is an equal opportunity provider.",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "footer"
            }
        },
        {
            "id": "p2.16",
            "order": 35,
            "type": "footer",
            "bbox": {
                "l": 438.48,
                "t": 47.52,
                "r": 573.12,
                "b": 37.44
            },
            "text": "KYSU-CEP-FACT-ANR-2026-002",
            "attrs": {
                "block_label": "footer"
            }
        }
    ],
    "excluded_furniture": {
        "first": [],
        "last": []
    }
}