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            "text": "than single workshops for expanding conservation portfolios. Extension programs should establish demonstration farms, create peer-learning networks for farmer-to-farmer knowledge exchange, host regular field days showcasing practice combinations, and develop decision-support materials comparing practice interactions."
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            "text": "Positioning CMPs as complementary to existing technologies could increase adoption. Farmers investing in GPS-guided equipment or variable-rate systems have demonstrated technical aptitude and financial capacity for conservation practices."
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            "text": "Part-time farmers need different support to transition from single to multiple practices. These farmers face time and labor constraints. Extension programs can help by emphasizing low-labor practices, simplifying program requirements, offering flexible scheduling, and creating networks for sharing strategies."
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            "text": "Tailoring approaches to education levels helps all farmers build confidence in managing multiple CMPs. Develop stepwise adoption pathways that allow farmers to master one practice before adding another, create hands-on training modules that build skills progressively, and establish mentorship programs pairing experienced conservation farmers with beginners."
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            "text": "In counties with steep terrain, conservation programming must acknowledge the challenges of implementation. Focus on feasible practices, provide intensive technical assistance, and consider higher cost-share rates where conservation is more difficult."
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            "text": "Limited access to information and resource constraints have led to low adoption of conservation practices among Kentucky farmers. Multi-channel information delivery and tailored support are essential to ensure the adoption of multiple practices. Strengthening networks through demonstration farms, peer learning, and field days improves adoption intensity. Supporting part-time farmers with flexible practices and bundling CMPs with precision agriculture technologies helps more Kentucky farmers expand conservation portfolios."
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            "text": "For more information, contact:",
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            "text": "Buddhi R. Gyawali,",
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            "text": "Professor of Geospatial Applications, Climate Studies, and Human Dimensions, 502-597-6029\nBuddh.gyawali@kysu.edu"
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            "text": "Ife Familusi",
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            "text": "Research Associate\nAtwood Research Facility,\nRoom 213, KYSU\n502-401-8941\nIfe.familusi1@kysu.edu"
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            "text": "Suraj Upadhaya, Ph.D.\nAssistant Professor of Sustainable Systems, KYSU"
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            "text": "Maheteme Gebremedhin, Ph.D.\nChair, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources\nAssociate Professor, Soil Science, KYSU"
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            "text": "Familusi, I., Gyawali, B., Upadhaya, S., Oli, D., Pandeya, S., Paudel, K., & Gebremedhin, M. (2025). Drivers of Conservation Management Practice Adoption and Intensity in Kentucky. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 102617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102617",
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            "text": "Funding Sources",
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            "text": "This research was primarily funded by the “Enhancing Productivity, Diversification, and Sustainability By Infusing Geospatial Technology In Small And Medium-Sized Farms. USDA/AFRI (Award # 2019-68006-29330) and USDA-Evans Allen Grants “Studying Long-term Agroecosystems Changes in Reclaimed Mine Land Properties in Eastern Kentucky” (Accession # 7005721), and “Ecological Resilience and Extreme Weather Events: Impacts on Small Farmers, Landowners, Rural & Urban Communities” (Accession #7003276)."
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            "text": "Kentucky State University is an equal opportunity provider.",
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