{
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            "text": "COOPERATIVE\nTUCKY\nSTATE\nVERSITY\nFACT SHEET",
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            "text": "Information about the Kentucky State University Cooperative Extension Program\n2020"
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            "text": "Managing Vaginal Prolapses",
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            "text": "Dr. Jerusha (Jessie) Lay, Assistant Professor of Animal Health"
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            "text": "In cow/calf operations a common condition is vaginal/cervical prolapses. When having this in these problems many producers are left with questions about “Should I keep her”? These conditions are where the vagina and/or the cervix turn inside out and protrude out of the vulva. In cattle that are late gestation, increasing estrogen causes muscles and ligaments around the vulva to relax and the cow lays down abdominal pressure increases. The vagina will turn inside out and protrude out of the vulva. Producers often mistake prolapses for calving difficulty, however these animals are not in labor. At first it will often be small and go back in the cow stands up and abdominal pressure decreases. As it goes in and out ligaments stretch and the tissues become irritated. It begins to swell and can become as large as a basketball. The irritation and pain also increase straining which makes the condition worse. Occasionally, the bladder may even be involved or on the inner side of the prolapsed vagina. As straining continues the rectum may also prolapse."
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            "text": "Multiple things can predispose cattle to vaginal prolapses. Estrogen from late gestation causes the muscle relaxation. Cattle may then lay with their head up will, which the gravity puts pressure on the vagina. Genetics are commonly a factor by contributing to the laxity or looseness of the ligaments. Bos indicus or “eared cattle” are frequently affected. Other factors are cows that are obese. This increases intra-abdominal pressure as well. Grazing forage that increases estrogen levels may contribute. Cows that are super-ovulated as donor cows are generally overweight and high levels of estrogen can create severe prolapses. And lastly animals that become bloated, which also is excessive abdominal pressure.\nUnlike uterine prolapses this condition is often fatal, however the likelihood of reoccurrence and the genetic predisposition make culling the usual outcome. The vaginal prolapse becomes easier to put back in and stay in if caught before excessive tissue irritation and tissue damage."
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            "text": "In cattle, this condition does need a veterinarian to correct. An epidural is given to numb the tissues and prevent straining. The vagina is cleaned and lubricated and replaced into normal position. There are multiple methods of then getting it to stay in. The severity or the prolapse and amount of swelling and tissue damage are the biggest determinant of which method is best."
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